With the encapsulation and delivery of the emulsion, VD3 exhibited satisfying bioavailability after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Interestingly, the structured CaCO 3 NP-based Pickering emulsion displayed acid-trigged demulsification because of the disintegration of the CaCO 3 NPs into Ca 2+ in a simulated gastric environment, followed by efficient lipolysis of the lipid in simulated intestinal fluid. The emulsification stabilizing capability of the CaCO 3 NPs also favored the formation of high internal phase emulsion at a high φ of 0.7–0.8 with excellent emulsion stability at room temperature and at 4 ☌, thus protecting the encapsulated lipophilic bioactive, vitamin D3 (VD3), against degradation. The microstructure of the as-made CaCO 3 NPs stabilized Pickering emulsion can be controlled by varying the particle concentration ( c) and oil volume fraction ( φ). Herein, a type of edible oil-in-water Pickering emulsion was structured by calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO 3 NPs mean particle size: 80 nm) and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) for delivery of lipophilic drugs and simultaneous oral supplementation of calcium. ![]() Nanoparticles assembled from food-grade calcium carbonate have attracted attention because of their biocompatibility, digestibility, particle and surface features (such as size, surface area, and partial wettability), and stimuli-responsiveness offered by their acid-labile nature.
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